Table 1 Characteristics of patients with and without COPD based on spirometry
From: Serial pulmonary function tests to diagnose COPD in chronic heart failure
All (n = 187) | No COPD (n = 127) | COPD (n = 60) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 69 ± 10 | 68 ± 11 | 70 ± 9 | 0.173 |
Male sex, n (%) | 146 (78) | 94 (74) | 52 (87) | 0.051 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 28 ± 5 | 29 ± 5 | 28 ± 5 | 0.064 |
LVEF, % | 29 ± 7 | 29 ± 7 | 29 ± 7 | 0.401 |
NYHA class, % | ||||
NYHA I-II | 164 (88) | 114 (90) | 50 (83) | 0.211 |
NYHA III-IV | 23 (12) | 13 (10) | 10 (17) | 0.211 |
Ischaemic aetiology | 110 (59) | 71 (56) | 39 (65) | 0.238 |
Smoking history, n (%) | 0.008 | |||
Non-smoker | 32 (17) | 29 (23) | 3 (5) | |
Current smoker | 23 (12) | 13 (10) | 10 (17) | |
Former smoker | 132 (71) | 85 (67) | 47 (78) | |
PY, years | 24 ± 24 | 21 ± 21 | 30 ± 28 | 0.016 |
Co-morbidity, n (%) | ||||
Myocardial infarction | 109 (58) | 71 (56) | 38 (63) | 0.336 |
Atrial fibrillation | 54 (29) | 38 (30) | 16 (27) | 0.647 |
Hypertension | 80 (43) | 51 (40) | 29 (48) | 0.291 |
Diabetes mellitus | 46 (25) | 33 (26) | 13 (22) | 0.522 |
PCI/CABG | 76 (41) | 48 (38) | 28 (47) | 0.249 |
CRT/ICD | 64 (34) | 49 (39) | 15 (25) | 0.068 |
Medication, n (%) | ||||
ACE-I/ARB | 174 (93) | 119 (94) | 55 (92) | 0.759 |
β-blockers | 172 (92) | 116 (91) | 56 (93) | 0.778 |
± Selective | 99 (58) | 66 (57) | 33 (59) | 0.801 |
± Non-selective | 73 (42) | 50 (43) | 23 (41) | 0.801 |
Diuretics | 159 (85) | 107 (84) | 52 (87) | 0.666 |
Aldosterone-antagonists | 65 (35) | 47 (37) | 18 (30) | 0.348 |
ICS/OCS | 26 (14) | 9 (7) | 17 (28) | 0.000 |
β-agonists | 29 (16) | 7 (6) | 22 (37) | 0.000 |
Anticholinergics | 29 (16) | 6 (5) | 23 (38) | 0.000 |